What is it? Psoriasis is a non -infectious skin disease, so it is impossible to infect. It affects not only the skin, but also has a negative effect on the whole organism as a whole. It is characterized by a chronic course with periods of exacerbations and remissions.
The disease is caused by the immune cells of its own body, that is, it is an autoimmune disease. In increasing the depths of the skin to the upper layers, these cells cause inflammation, the excessive division of the epidermis cells, which leads to excessive growth, the appearance of new small capillaries.
Externally, it seems the formation of red or red dots: psoriatic plates.
The first signs and symptoms of psoriasis
Since psoriasis, a systemic disease that affects all body systems, the patient suffers from general weakness, rapid fatigue.
The main symptom of the initial stage of psoriasis is eruptions and psoriatic plaques, however, accompanies a person with the additional development of the disease.
They arise due to the uncontrolled accelerated division of the cells located in the upper layer of skin keratinocytes. Involved cells are formed, and the skin in these areas is thick, acquires red due to the improved formation of new capillaries. This leads to lower bleeding by dripping for any light, even an injury to the plates.
The surface of the plates is often covered with a gray incursion, similar to paraffin. Even the term "paraffin lakes" was formed. This plate consists of dead epithelium cells that accumulate on the surface of the plates due to the deteriorated rejection process.
Points can reach quite large sizes, merger with each other. They are hot to the touch, often accompanied by severe itching. Coming combs can lead to infection.
Over time, nails begin to change. Its surface is cut, graves appear, pink spots are noticed under the nail plate: the accumulation of fluid, the nail becomes yellow, thick, takes the shape of the claws of the poultry of corral. All this occurs due to a violation of nutrition of nails and blood circulation.
The nail bed is subject to excessive deterioration, which leads to the rejection of the nail and the loss. There is often an inflamed red edge around the nails.
Small joints are affected by the disease and small joints: this is accompanied by pain and inflammation.
In addition to the plates, with psoriasis, papules are formed in the skin: the formation that excels small (approximately 1 mm) that resembles an eruption. Often located in elbows and knees, preserved even during the remission period.
During improvement, the plates begin to illuminate from the middle, acquire the form of the rings and can disappear completely. Pigmented areas remain in place.
Psoriasis in the scalp has the same symptoms as in the body. In this case, the structure of the hair does not change. The eruptions also cover the adjacent areas of the skin, behind the ears, around the neck.
Types of psoriasis
According to manifestation symptoms, the disease is divided into two types: pustular and non -pustular. There are several varieties of the disease within these groups.
Pustular psoriasis forms:
- generalized;
- mainly striking limbs;
- Ladomy;
- impetigo.
No Pustula psoriasis:
- ordinary (chronic psoriasis);
- Erytro-Dero.
In addition, the following types of disease are distinguished:
- psoriasis of skin folds and flexion surfaces;
- drug.
Forms for Severity:
- light (affected by less than 3 % of the body surface);
- average (affected up to 10 % of the body surface);
- heavy (more than 10 % of the surfaces are affected).
Depending on the form of eruptions, these types of psoriasis are distinguished:
- spot;
- emaciated;
- monetary.
Psoriasis development stages, symptoms
The first plates appear in areas with dry skin and never happen where the skin is too humid, for example, armpits. First, the appearance of points can be seen inside the elbows, under the knees, along the edge of the head in the head, as well as in places subject to any injury or friction. The location is usually symmetrical.
Take those stages during the disease:
- Progressive (the formation of new points, the growth of the existing disheveled, with itching and notable);
- stationary (deceleration or suspension of plaque growth, the absence of newly formed points);
- Regression (decrease or lack of peeled, disappearance of spots and plates with the appearance of pigmented skin areas in its place, the signs of psoriasis are almost absent).
There is no special evidence to establish a diagnosis. The diagnosis is made on the basis of external characteristics characteristics. One of these signs will be the occurrence of bleeding when the plates contact, the bloody dew that is called that.
Another specific sign of psoriasis will be the presence of a pale edge around a young papule, not yet covered with scales. This is what is seen the vascular reaction of the skin, which means the progression of the disease.
In severe forms of the disease, a blood image can change. Signs of the inflammatory process appear. In some cases, you must make a biopsy to exclude other skin diseases and confirm the presence of psoriasis.
Effective treatment of psoriasis
In the treatment of psoriasis, local remedies and internal treatment, physiotherapy and spa are used.
In the slight initial course of the disease, medications are used in the form of ointments. First, ointments and creams of simple composition are used, then go to ointments that contain hormones. Psoriasis cream should be applied only to plates and points.
Psoriasis ointment: a general description of hormonal and non -hormonal agents
With the average and severe course of the disease, internal products are used that affect the entire body, but give the best results. This group includes vitamin A, immunosuppressants, cytostatic.
Physiotherapists provide tangible relief to patients with psoriasis, can inhibit the development of the disease and sometimes replace the use of some medications.
UV irradiation (phototherapy), laser, ultrasound and magnetotherapy, hyperthermia, electrons, electrophoresis, electrophoresis.
Psoriasis is able to gain resistance to the treatment used over time, therefore, it is recommended to change the methods (treatment rotation) from time to time.
Diet with psoriasis
Nutrition should help adjust metabolism and prevent the appearance or exacerbation of skin symptoms. Since almost all patients have a violation of lipid metabolism, preference should be given to low fat products.
Special fire diets and others won a great fame.
When compiling a diet, you should try to comply with some simple rules:
- Rejection of alcoholic beverages;
- Food up to 6 times a day, little by little;
- Exclude fried and smoked food from the diet;
- Reduce salt content in food;
- If possible, do not use products with the content of dyes, stabilizers and other nutritional supplements;
- Exclude citrus fruits;
- Increase the participation of vegetables and cereals in the diet;
- Mandatory use of vegetable oils.
Compliance with these simple rules will help avoid the exacerbation of psoriasis and independently compose a therapeutic diet.